It further held that to the extent the Oklahoma statutes denied him admission they were unconstitutional and void. p\!Y.Ebt9/ z ^tGG"w N8f,SYU*Vn/ [1] The unanimous decision was delivered on the same day as another case involving similar issues, Sweatt v. Painter. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education , legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously (90), on June 5, 1950, that racial segregation within the facilities and institutions of colleges and universities is inconsistent It may be argued that appellant will be in no better position when these restrictions are removed, for he may still be set apart by his fellow students. Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a masters degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state-supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. In this ruling and its companion case, Sweatt v. Painter, decided on the same day, the Supreme Court held that African American students must receive the same treatment as all other students in the realm of higher education. The result is that appellant is handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents helped to abolish this policy, specifically in colleges and universities. P. 641. The judgment below is reversed, p. 642. 851, 339 U.S. 637, 94 L.Ed. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents Download PDF Check Treatment Summary holding that a state sponsored graduate school's disparate treatment of an admitted black 1149, the Supreme Court had held that it was a denial of the equal protection guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment for a state to segregate on the ground of race a student who had been admitted to an institution of higher learning. McLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. In this case, the Court found that the State of Oklahoma had set the plaintiff student apart from the other students. Although the court declared that the statute allowing officials to deny the student admission to the program was null and void, it refused to grant his request for an injunction, assuming that officials would follow the constitutional mandate in its order. Shelley v. Kraemer, 1948, 334 U.S. 1, 13-14, 68 S.Ct. AFRICAN AMERICANS, BROOKSVILLE, CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT, ROSCOE DUNJEE, ADA LOIS SIPUEL FISHER, AMOS T. HALL, NAACP, SEGREGATION, UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA. The proceedings below are stated in the opinion. WebMcLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA DEPT. Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. Oklahoma. This appeal followed. Argued April 3-4, 1950. The ruling in McLaurin had major ramifications for both parties and went on to set a new precedent regarding segregation, especially with how it pertained to education. Appellant's case represents perhaps the epitome of that need, for he is attempting to obtain an advanced degree in education, to become, by definition, a leader and trainer of others. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, (339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. He had to sit by himself in a separate section of the classroom, sit at a separate desk in the library, and sit at a different table (and sometimes eat at different times) from the rest of the students in the cafeteria. It is vital that students have the opportunity to learn from all of their other peers. Name Meaning Pitts Linda Joan 1 English: variant of Pitt .2 Americanized spelling of German Pitz . Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. The case concerned a Black student who was treated differently than white students after being admitted to the graduate school at the University of Oklahoma. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. In the McLaurin case, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the University of Oklahoma had violated the equal protection clause because the experience needed for a good education could not be accomplished by physically separating McLaurin. With them on the brief were Thurgood Marshall and Frank D. Reeves. On January 28, 1948, a retired black professor, George McLaurin, applied to the University of Oklahoma to pursue a Doctorate in Education. 455. Mr. Fred Hansen, Oklahoma City, Okl., for appellees. Marian W. Perry and Franklin H. Williams were also of counsel. 455. Corrections? This case together with Sweatt v. Painter, which was decided the same day, marked the end of the separate but equal doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson in graduate and professional education. Submit a Correction Robert L. Carter and Amos T. Hall argued the cause for appellant. At the time, Oklahoma law prohibited schools from instructing blacks and whites together. The litigation in McLaurin began to take shape when George W. McLaurin, an African American student with a masters degree, applied for admission to the University of Oklahoma in pursuit of a doctorate in education but was denied entry solely because of his race. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, an important case leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, struck down the Oklahoma statute that mandated segregation in education. P. 642. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. WebGeorge W. McLaurin was an Oklahoma citizen and an African-American. At school, he was made to sit at separate tables in his classes, the library, and the cafeteria. Where conditions exist where a student of color is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws such circumstances the, Reversing, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a state could not treat a student differently from other students on the basis of race as the, Don't Miss Important Points of Law with BARBRI Outlines (Login Required). The court summarily dismissed this argument, noting that the treatment set the plaintiff apart from other students, because he was still restricted as to where he could sit. 1149], the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. Different treatment of students in public institutions of higher learning solely on the basis of race violates the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. It further held that to the extent the Oklahoma statutes denied him admission they were unconstitutional and void. Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. WebPainter and McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents [both 1950]). The result is that appellant is handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. On the assumption, however, that the State would follow the constitutional mandate, the court refused to grant the injunction, retaining jurisdiction of the cause with full power to issue any necessary and proper orders to secure McLaurin the equal protection of the laws. 0000000836 00000 n Eventually, McLaurin won admittance to the school, but the fight was far from over. [1], The Supreme Court decided unanimously to reverse the decision of the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma. Appellant is a Negro citizen of Oklahoma. With him on the brief was Mac Q. Williamson, Attorney General. HW1C~NR Okla. 1948) October 6, 1948 87 F. Supp. HWs* 2zjZm,Bk*y"_qc B*>.bjK\Tzk.7EWk9#@3F/]3w=# La\V&om76 BU@*F2Lb DMkLuyY)<8,!os2W 7$'X0AOq k U0k We conclude that the conditions under which this appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws. Mark Tushnet, Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court, 19361961 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994). [1], Chief Justice Frederick Vinson, writing for the court, argued that the actions of the University of Oklahoma violated the student's constitutional right to equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court reversed the decision of the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma.[1][2]. A small donation would help us keep this available to all. 526. He was allowed to pursue his doctoral degree at the University of Oklahoma. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, https://www.britannica.com/event/McLaurin-v-Oklahoma-State-Regents, BlackPast - McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, Cornell Law School - Legal Information Institute - McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education. Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1, 13 -14 (1948). Held: The conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws; and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race. The proceedings below are stated in the opinion. McLaurin argued that due to this treatment, he was being deprived of his rights under the 14 Amendment. Footnotes Sturdivant v. Blue Valley Unified Sch. The student was assigned to seating in the classroom, library, and cafeteria that was specified for Black students. 0000062655 00000 n The primary purpose of the 14th Amendment was to extend rights and protections found in the Constitution to the states. WebG.W. She is certified in English and Special Education. 851, 94 L.Ed. He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. Briefs of amici curiae, supporting appellant, were filed by Solicitor General Perlman and Philip Elman for the United States; Paul G. Annes for the American Federation of Teachers; Phineas Indritz for the American Veterans Committee, Inc.; Arthur J. Goldberg for the Congress of Industrial Organizations; Edward J. Ennis and Saburo Kido for the Japanese American Citizens League; and Arthur Garfield Hays and Eugene Nickerson for the American Civil Liberties Union. The following (as per The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition) is the preferred citation for articles:Alfred L. Brophy, McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950), The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MC034. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. In addition, the court ruled that, insofar as the restrictions that officials imposed on the student impaired and inhibited his ability to study and to engage in discussions and debates with other students as well as faculty, this treatment had a detrimental impact on his overall educational experience. - Biography, Facts, Quotes & Accomplishments, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. In the interval between the decision of the court below and the hearing in this Court, the treatment afforded appellant was altered. Get free summaries of new US Supreme Court opinions delivered to your inbox! He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. Gaines v. Canada, 1938, 305 U.S. 337, 59 S.Ct. '1 Appellant was thereupon admitted to the University of Oklahoma Graduate School. Appellant's case represents, perhaps, the epitome of that need, for he is attempting to obtain an advanced degree in education, to become, by definition, a leader and trainer of others. 0000001037 00000 n Pp. 526 (W.D. 0000004461 00000 n Chief Justice Frederick Vinson delivered the opinion of the court. But at the very least, the state will not be depriving appellant of the opportunity to secure acceptance by his fellow students on his own merits. Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. 0000003722 00000 n In its defense, the state of Oklahoma argued that the restrictions that officials had imposed on African American students were nominal, because the facilities had been made available to all students and the rooms assigned to the plaintiff had no disadvantages when compared with those used by other students. (1941) 455, 456, 457, which made it a misdemeanor to maintain or operate, teach or attend a school at which both whites and Negroes are enrolled or taught. The justices agreed unanimously that since McLaurin was admitted into the University of Oklahoma, denying him access to his peers through segregation was denying him an opportunity to "study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession." 0000071278 00000 n WebIn McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, supra, the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: ". Create your account. The Act secured the right to vote for minorities in the South. 526; 1948 U.S. He wanted to have an education that was similar to his peers. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, an important case leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, struck down the Oklahoma statute that mandated Terms of Use About the Encyclopedia. Appellant, having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, must receive the same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races. Citing our decisions in State of Missouri ex rel. (1941) 455, 456, 457, which made it a misdemeanor to maintain or operate, teach or attend a school at which both whites and Negroes are enrolled or taught. See Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629, 70 S.Ct. This segregated him from his classmates and made group learning and discussions impossible. 0000071802 00000 n WebOn January 14, 1946, the petitioner, a Negro, concededly qualified to receive the professional legal education offered by the State, applied for admission to the School of Law of the University of Oklahoma, the only institution for legal education supported and maintained by the taxpayers of the Oklahoma. Heyne's factual allegations state a plausible claim against Manuel for violation of his right to equal, Geier, 801 F.2d at 805.Missouri ex rel. Pursuant to a requirement of state law, 70 Okla. Stat. Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. 0000001912 00000 n Decided June 5, 1950. The following state regulations pages link to this page. Kenneth has a JD, practiced law for over 10 years, and has taught criminal justice courses as a full-time instructor. WebThe University of Oklahoma accepted George McLaurin to its graduate program in education, but separated him from other students. (1950) 455, 456, 457. For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, 'Reserved For Colored,' but these have been removed. Users agree not to download, copy, modify, sell, lease, rent, reprint, or otherwise distribute these materials, or to link to these materials on another web site, without authorization of the Oklahoma Historical Society. Research: Josh Altic Vojsava Ramaj The result was that he was handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. Decided June 5, 1950. His opinion for the court in 1947 upheld the power of the federal courts to enjoin a strike in coal mines then under control of the federal government. OF CORRECTIONS 2020 OK CIV APP 42 Case Number: 118004 Decided: 02/21/2020 Mandate Issued: 07/29/2020 DIVISION III THE For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, Reserved For Colored, but these have been removed. The judgment below is. P. 339 U. S. 641. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. 526. 70 Okla. Stat. While McLaurin argued that the University of Oklahoma was violating the equal protection clause under the 14th Amendment, the university argued that they were not violating McLaurin's rights. This appeal followed. Accordingly, the high court reversed the decision of the U.S. District Court, requiring the University of Oklahoma to remove the restrictions under which McLaurin was attending the institution. (1950) Henderson v. United States Et. D G zmS& endstream endobj 28 0 obj<>stream In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 640, 70 S.Ct. 0000071826 00000 n The court denied McLaurin's petition. (c) Having been admitted to a state supported graduate school, appellant must receive the same treatment at the hands of the State as students of other races. Copyright to all articles and other content in the online and print versions of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History is held by the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS). Upon suit filed by the applicant, the university tried to set up a separate facility for African-American law students. Dist.) [339 U.S. 637, 643]. We decide only this issue; see Sweatt v. Painter, ante, p. 629. In 1950 a unanimous Supreme Court ruled that McLaurin had not received equal treatment as required by the Constitution. 20072023 Blackpast.org. basing his argument on the Fourteenth Amendment. Public facilities like bathrooms and water fountains were segregated. 640-641. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. WebIn 1948, George McLaurin applied to the University of Oklahoma's master's degree program in education. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. 1149 McLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA STATE State-imposed restrictions which produce such inequalities cannot be sustained. The result is that appellant is handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education et al. (1941) 455, 456, 457, that the instruction of black students in institutions of higher education be "upon a segregated basis," however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for black students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. United States District Court W. D. 848. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950) was a case regarding higher education that was decided by the United States Supreme Court saying that colleges Oklahoma had recently passed laws that made it illegal for black and white students to integrate or for black teachers to teach white students and vice versa. Marian W. Perry and Franklin H. Williams were also of counsel. Briefs of amici curiae, supporting appellant, were filed by Solicitor General Perlman and Philip Elman for the United States; Paul G. Annes for the American Federation of Teachers; Phineas Indritz for the American Veterans Committee, Inc.; Arthur J. Goldberg for the Congress of Industrial Organizations; Edward J. Ennis and Saburo Kido for the Japanese American Citizens League; and Arthur Garfield Hays and Eugene Nickerson for the American Civil Liberties Union. 232, 83 L.Ed. 836, 842, 92 L.Ed. However, the court did not issue any injunctive relief as requested by the plaintiff but rather relied "on the assumption that the law having been declared, the State will comply.". Using sweeping language, the Supreme Court acknowledged that, because American society was changing, discrimination based on race had no place in education. These restrictions were obviously imposed in order to comply, as nearly as could be, with the statutory requirements of Oklahoma. Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. WebO'Connor. P. 339 U. S. 642. But at the very least, the state will not be depriving appellant of the opportunity [339 U.S. 637, 642] to secure acceptance by his fellow students on his own merits. All rights reserved. Policy: Christopher Nelson Caitlin Styrsky Molly Byrne Jimmy McAllister Samuel Postell Case Summary of Sweatt v. Painter: An African-American law school applicant was denied admission into the University of Texas Law School solely because of his race. APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF OKLAHOMA. In this case, we are faced with the question whether a state may, after admitting a student to graduate instruction in its state university, afford him different treatment from other students solely because of his race. In this case, we are faced with the question whether a state may, after admitting a student to graduate instruction in its state university, afford him different treatment from other students solely because of his race. Mr. Chief Justice VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents 2,513 views Jul 7, 2016 29 Dislike Share Save OU IACH 2.33K subscribers In this lecture, professor Kathryn Schumaker reviews the 1149, it was ruled that a state may not after having admitted a Negro student to graduate instruction in its state university afford him different treatment from other students solely because of his race. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950). Argued April 3, 4, 1950. Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co. Sweatt v. Painter: Summary, Decision & Significance, Feiner v. New York (1951): Case Brief, Significance & Facts, Universal Camera Corp. v. National Labor Relations Board, Dennis v. United States: Summary, Significance & Decision, Stack v. Boyle (1951): Case Brief, Facts & Decision, Rochin v. California: Case Brief, Summary & Significance, Beauharnais v. Illinois: Summary & Dissent, United States v. Reynolds (1953): Summary & Dissenting Opinion, Hernandez v. 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Thus he was required to sit apart at a designated desk in an anteroom adjoining the classroom; to sit at a designated desk on the mezzanine floor of the library, but not to use the desks in the regular reading room; and to sit at a designated table and to eat at a different time from the other students in the school cafeteria. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1949), 339 U.S. 637 [70 S.Ct. It further held that to the extent the Oklahoma statutes denied him admission they were unconstitutional and void. 1149 (1950), the petitioner, who was black, was admitted to the state's formerly white only graduate school, but was compelled to sit in a "colored only" row in the classroom, a "colored only" table in the library and a "colored only" table for meals in the cafeteria. McLaurin won the right to attend the University of Oklahoma; however, Oklahoma simply amended its laws to say that while African Americans could attend white institutions, they must be segregated. 247, a statutory three-judge District Court held, 87 F.Supp. (1950) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. WebMcLaurin v. Okla. State Regents for Higher Educ. 1, Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, Students for Fair Admissions v. President and Fellows of Harvard College, Personnel Administrator of Massachusetts v. Feeney, Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan. 851, 94 L.Ed. 232, 83 L.Ed. 0000067207 00000 n In apparent conformity with the amendment, his admission was made subject to such rules and regulations as to segregation as the President of the University shall consider to afford to Mr. G. W. McLaurin substantially equal educational opportunities as are afforded to other persons seeking the same education in the Graduate College, a condition which does not appear to have been withdrawn. I feel like its a lifeline. Omissions? Appellant [339 U.S. 637, 640] was thereupon admitted to the University of Oklahoma Graduate School. As a result, the court pointed out, the plaintiff was held back in pursuit of his education, because he was unable to debate and discuss his ideas with other students and faculty, with the result that his ability to learn his chosen profession, teaching, was hampered.

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